Natural resource management practices typically raise the productivity of household
labour through changes in agricultural practices, such as managing water, soils and crop
residues to augment in situ capture and retention of rainfall and raise land productivity or
controlling pests and weeds by exploiting natural biological processes. Approaches such as
dry-land cultivation, water harvesting and flood recession farming as well as
dissemination of demand management techniques such as irrigation water conservation
and waste water reuse can help address the needs of poor agricultural households while
promoting sustainable use of water. Genetic improvements can play an important part in
these efforts, but often do more to reduce risks by stabilising and diversifying production
rather than maximising yield.
This category of technology is knowledge-intensive and often location-specific. With
less stress on maximising yields, it seeks to lower risks and unit costs of output. It can be a
first technology for many agricultural households in Rural World 3 that retain some usable
land and labour but have no financial reserves, as well as for the financially vulnerable in
Rural World 2. It can help women, the old and households with labour forces depleted by
migration or HIV/AIDS to increase household food production on the small parcels of land
they have retained. Developing the needed natural resource management technologies will
require investments in science and technology, and disseminating existing technology will
require widely distributed and skilled technical support on the ground.
Integrated water resource management can support the sustainable and equitable use
of water. An integrated water policy relies on improved planning and legal frameworks,
analysis of supply and demand, improved education and sector co-ordination.
Co-ordination and arbitration are essential in conflicts arising due to increasing water
scarcity, especially for cross-border resources where only supra-national or external bodies
can provide a structure for dialogue. Co-ordination also improves water governance by
enhancing decision makers’ accountability for resource development and management.
Policy must be tailored to increase the efficiency of natural resource management by
incorporating knowledge from women and promoting greater participation of women
stakeholders. Erosion, drought, floods, desertification and pollution mean that women find
it harder to collect food, fuel and water. Poor sanitation has implications for health and the
schooling of girls and women. In addition, women often have more knowledge about the
ecosystems, but are often not included in natural resource management and
environmental protection.
labour through changes in agricultural practices, such as managing water, soils and crop
residues to augment in situ capture and retention of rainfall and raise land productivity or
controlling pests and weeds by exploiting natural biological processes. Approaches such as
dry-land cultivation, water harvesting and flood recession farming as well as
dissemination of demand management techniques such as irrigation water conservation
and waste water reuse can help address the needs of poor agricultural households while
promoting sustainable use of water. Genetic improvements can play an important part in
these efforts, but often do more to reduce risks by stabilising and diversifying production
rather than maximising yield.
This category of technology is knowledge-intensive and often location-specific. With
less stress on maximising yields, it seeks to lower risks and unit costs of output. It can be a
first technology for many agricultural households in Rural World 3 that retain some usable
land and labour but have no financial reserves, as well as for the financially vulnerable in
Rural World 2. It can help women, the old and households with labour forces depleted by
migration or HIV/AIDS to increase household food production on the small parcels of land
they have retained. Developing the needed natural resource management technologies will
require investments in science and technology, and disseminating existing technology will
require widely distributed and skilled technical support on the ground.
Integrated water resource management can support the sustainable and equitable use
of water. An integrated water policy relies on improved planning and legal frameworks,
analysis of supply and demand, improved education and sector co-ordination.
Co-ordination and arbitration are essential in conflicts arising due to increasing water
scarcity, especially for cross-border resources where only supra-national or external bodies
can provide a structure for dialogue. Co-ordination also improves water governance by
enhancing decision makers’ accountability for resource development and management.
Policy must be tailored to increase the efficiency of natural resource management by
incorporating knowledge from women and promoting greater participation of women
stakeholders. Erosion, drought, floods, desertification and pollution mean that women find
it harder to collect food, fuel and water. Poor sanitation has implications for health and the
schooling of girls and women. In addition, women often have more knowledge about the
ecosystems, but are often not included in natural resource management and
environmental protection.
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